Te Piki Ake o te Tono mō te Kawhe o te Ao: Ngā Auahatanga Pakaru
Kua tino piki ake te hiahia mō te kawhe o te ao i ngā tau tata nei, e whakaatu ana i ngā au hou e huri ana i te ahumahi o te ao. Mai i ngā tiriti pukumahi o te Tāone o Niu Ioka ki ngā māra kawhe marino o Colombia, kāore he rohe o te aroha ki tēnei inu pouri, kakara. I te mea ka hono haere te ao, ka tere te tipu o te hiahia mō te kawhe, nā te maha o ngā āhuatanga tae atu ki te hurihanga o ngā manakohanga a ngā kaihoko, te pikinga o ngā moni whiwhi me te whānui haere o te ahurea kawhe puta noa i te ao.
He maha ngā take matua mō te pikinga ake o te kai kawhe. Tuatahi, ko te putanga mai o te momo noho pukumahi o te tāone nui kua piki ake te maha o ngā whare kawhe me ngā whare kawhe i roto i ngā tāone nui o te ao. Nā te horapa o ēnei wāhi, ehara i te mea kua ngāwari ake te uru atu o ngā kaihoko ki te kawhe, engari kua hurihia anō hoki ngā āhuatanga pāpori o te kai kawhe. Kua whanake ngā whare kawhe hei pokapū pāpori hihiri e huihui ai te tangata ki te whakawhanaunga, ki te mahi, ki te pārekareka rānei ki tētahi wā whakangā, ā, nā reira ka piki ake te hiahia mō te kawhe.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te mōhiotanga e tipu haere ana ki ngā painga hauora o te inu kawhe taurite kua whai wāhi atu ki te pikinga o te hiahia. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau hou i ngā painga hauora pea o te kawhe, mai i te whakarei ake i te mahi hinengaro ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ētahi mate. Nō reira, ka piki haere te tirohanga a ngā kaihoko ki te kawhe ehara i te mea he puna pūngao me te mahana anake, engari he rongoā hauora pea, e akiaki ana i tōna hiahia ā-ao.
Ko tētahi atu take e akiaki ana i te hiahia mō te kawhe ko te pikinga o te moni whiwhi i roto i ngā ōhanga e tipu ake ana. I te tipu haere o ngā taupori o te akomanga waenga i ngā whenua pēnei i a Haina, Īnia me Brazil, ka piki haere te tokomaha o te tangata ka taea te inu i tētahi kapu kawhe i ia rā. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakaurunga o ngā tikanga kai ki te Hauāuru i roto i ēnei rohe kua arahi ki te hiahia ki te kawhe i ngā inu tuku iho, ā, kua waiho hei wāhanga nui o te oranga o ia rā o te tini tāngata.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, he mea nui te horapa o te ahurea kawhe puta noa i te ao ki te tipu haere o te hiahia mō te kawhe. I mua, ko te nuinga o te kawhe i kainga i ngā whenua o te Hauāuru, engari i ēnei rā ka kitea te awhi o te ahurea kawhe i ngā rohe pēnei i a Āhia me te Middle East, kei reira te pikinga o te kai kawhe. Nā te horapa haere o ngā mekameka kawhe o te ao, te awe o ngā pāpāho pāpori me te tipu haere o te hiahia ki te wheako me te maioha ki ngā momo kawhe rerekē puta noa i te ao tēnei panonitanga.
Kei te piki haere te hiahia mō te kawhe o te ao, ā, he pānga nui tēnei ki te umanga kawhe, mai i te whakaputanga ki ngā rautaki hokohoko. Nā te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ā rātou pīni kawhe mai i ngā whenua whakaputa kawhe pēnei i a Brazil, Vietnam me Colombia kua piki ake te whakaputanga me ngā kaweake. Ehara i te mea he pānga pai tēnei ki ngā ōhanga o ēnei whenua anake, engari he whai wāhitanga anō hoki mō ngā kaimahi pāmu iti ki te whai wāhi atu ki ngā mākete o te ao, ā, ka pai ake ai ō rātou oranga.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua piki haere te hiahia mō te kawhe i te nekehanga puta noa i te umanga ki te oranga tonutanga me te kimi rauemi matatika. Kei te piki haere te mōhio o ngā kaihoko ki te pānga taiao me te pāpori o ngā hua e hokona ana e rātou, ā, ka piki haere te hiahia mō te kawhe i ahu mai i ngā rauemi matatika me te whakaputa i runga i te oranga tonutanga. Nā reira, he maha ngā kamupene kawhe e haumi ana ki ngā mahi atawhai taiao, ki te tiwhikete Fairtrade, me ngā hononga hokohoko tika me ngā kaimahi kawhe hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia hurihuri o ngā kaihoko whai kawenga.
Nā te tipu haere o te tono kawhe o te ao, ka puta he whai wāhitanga me he wero ki ngā kamupene kawhe o te ao. I tētahi taha, nā te tipu haere o te tono kua puta he mākete puāwai mō ngā hua kawhe, ā, kua piki ake ngā hoko me te hua mō ngā kaitākaro ahumahi. I tētahi atu taha, kua kaha ake te whakataetae, me te whakataetae a ngā kamupene mō te wāhi mākete e whānui haere tonu ana. Nō reira, he mea nui te auahatanga me te rerekētanga kia tū motuhake ai ngā pakihi, kia hopukina ai te aro o ngā kaihoko matatau.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te tipu haere o te tono kawhe o te ao he āhuatanga whakamīharo e hanga hou ana i te umanga kawhe, e awe ana hoki i ngā whanonga a ngā kaihoko puta noa i te ao. Kei te rite te umanga mō te tipu tonu me te whanaketanga i te mea ko te aroha ki te kawhe e whiti ana i ngā rohe me ngā ahurea. Mai i ngā māra kawhe momona o Amerika ki te Tonga ki ngā tiriti pukumahi o ngā tāone nui, kei te puta te aroha ki te kawhe, e akiaki ana i tētahi ia hou e kore e whakaatu i ngā tohu o te puhoi. I te mea kei te whanake tonu ngā reka kawhe o te ao, me urutau te umanga me te auaha ki te whakatutuki i ngā tono mākete e huri haere ana, me te whakarite kia mau tonu te aroha ki tēnei inu aroha mō ngā whakatipuranga e haere ake nei. Kei te kitea te tipu kaha o te mākete kawhe, me ngā raraunga hou e whakaatu ana kei te piki haere te kai kawhe o te ao. E ai ki tētahi pūrongo hou nā Market Research Future, e matapaetia ana ka tipu te mākete kawhe o te ao i te tere tipu ā-tau o te 5.5% mai i te tau 2021 ki te 2027. E kī ana te pūrongo ko tēnei tipu te tipu ki te tipu haere o te tono mō te kawhe kounga me te kawhe motuhake, me te tipu haere o te rongonui o te kawhe i waenga i ngā kaihoko taitamariki.
Ko tētahi o ngā tino take o tēnei tipu ko te rongonui haere o te kawhe i waenga i ngā kaihoko o te whakatupuranga Millennial me te whakatupuranga Z. He nui ake te hiahia o ēnei rōpū ki te whakapau moni ki te kawhe kounga teitei, ā, kei te akiaki i te tono mō ngā hua kawhe motuhake me ngā hua kounga teitei. Nā tēnei kua whānui ake te mākete kawhe, me te whakatuwheratanga o ngā toa kawhe me ngā mīhini tunu kawhe motuhake i ngā tāone nui huri noa i te ao.
Haunga te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō te kawhe kounga teitei, kei te piki haere hoki te hiahia ki ngā hua kawhe e whai hua ana mō te taiao me te kounga matatika. Kei te piki haere te rapu a ngā kaihoko i te kawhe e whakatōkia ana, e hauhaketia ana hoki i runga i te tikanga tauwhiro, ā, e pai ana rātou ki te utu i te utu nui mō ngā hua e tutuki ana i ēnei paerewa. Nā tēnei i whakatairanga te tipu o te mākete kawhe rauropi me te Fairtrade, tae atu ki te pikinga ake o ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te Rainforest Alliance me te Fairtrade Certification.
He mea nui anō hoki te pikinga ake o te hokohoko ipurangi ki te tipu o te mākete kawhe. I te mea he nui ake ngā kaihoko e hokohoko ana i runga ipurangi, ka taea e ngā waitohu kawhe te toro atu ki tētahi hunga whakarongo whānui ake, me te hoko tika atu ki ngā kaihoko mā roto i ā rātou ake paetukutuku, mā roto rānei i ngā mākete ipurangi tuatoru. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te akiaki i ngā hoko me te whakanui ake i te mōhiotanga ki ngā hua kawhe motuhake me ngā hua kawhe kounga teitei.
He pānga nui anō hoki tō te mate urutā COVID-19 ki te mākete kawhe. Ahakoa kua heke te hoko mō te wā poto nā te katinga o ngā toa kawhe me ngā wharekai, he maha ngā kaihoko kua tahuri ki te hanga me te inu kawhe i te kāinga. Nā tēnei kua piki ake ngā hoko o ngā taputapu kawhe pēnei i ngā mīhini espresso, ngā mīhini huri kawhe me ngā mīhini ringihia kawhe. Nō reira, kei te tipu tonu ngā kamupene e hanga ana i ngā taputapu kawhe ahakoa ngā wero i pā mai i te mate urutā.
Kāore te tipu o te mākete kawhe e herea ana ki ngā whenua whakawhanake anake. Kei te tere tipu te kai kawhe i ngā mākete hou pēnei i a Haina, Īnia me Brazil, nā te pikinga o ngā whiwhinga moni me ngā panonitanga o ngā manakohanga a te kaihoko e akiaki ana i te tono mō ngā hua kawhe kounga teitei. Ka hangaia he whai wāhitanga nui mā ngā kaihanga kawhe me ngā kaihokohoko, tae atu ki ngā mekameka kawhe me ngā kaihokohoko kawhe motuhake e hiahia ana ki te whakawhānui atu ki ngā mākete hou.
Ahakoa he pai te tirohanga mō te mākete kawhe, tera anō ētahi wero ka pā mai. He tūmomo mōrearea nui te huringa āhuarangi ki te hanga kawhe, me te pikinga o te pāmahana me ngā tauira huarere e pā ana ki te kounga me te hua o ngā hua kawhe. Hei tāpiri, ko te koretake o te taha tōrangapū me te taha ōhanga i roto i ngā rohe hanga kawhe ka whakararuraru i ngā mekameka tuku ka arahi ki te pikinga o ngā utu.
Hei whakatika i ēnei wero, he maha ngā kamupene kawhe e haumi ana ki ngā tikanga hoko kawhe tauwhiro, me te mahi ki te whakaiti i te pānga o te huringa āhuarangi ki te whakaputa kawhe. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā kaupapa hei whakatairanga i te mahi ahuwhenua, hei whakapai ake i te whakahaere wai, me te tautoko i ngā kaimahi pāmu iti. Hei tāpiri, kei te arotahi te kamupene ki te auahatanga i roto i te whakatipu me te tukatuka kawhe, me te aro nui ki te whakawhanake i ngā momo kawhe hou e ātete ake ana ki ngā pānga o te huringa āhuarangi.
I te nuinga o te wā, he mārama te heke mai o te mākete kawhe, me te kaha o te tono mō te kawhe kounga teitei me te motuhake e akiaki ana i te tipu me te auahatanga o te umanga. I te mea kei te huri tonu ngā manakohanga a te kaihoko me te tuwhera o ngā mākete hou, he nui ngā whai wāhitanga a ngā kamupene kawhe ki te hanga i ā rātou waitohu me te whakawhānui i ā rātou pakihi. Heoi, me whakataurite ēnei whai wāhitanga ki te hiahia ki te aro atu ki ngā wero e pā ana ki te huringa āhuarangi me te whakarite kia pumau tonu te umanga kawhe mō te wā roa.
He kaihanga mātou e tohunga ana ki te hanga i ngā putea tākai kawhe mō ngā tau neke atu i te 20. Kua noho mātou hei tētahi o ngā kaihanga putea kawhe nui rawa atu i Haina.
Ka whakamahia e mātou ngā takirere WIPF kounga teitei mai i Huiterangi hei pupuri i te hou o tō kawhe.
Kua whakawhanakehia e mātou ngā putea e pai ana mō te taiao, pērā i ngā putea ka taea te hangarua me ngā putea ka taea te hangarua. Koinei ngā kōwhiringa pai rawa atu hei whakakapi i ngā putea kirihou tuku iho.
Tukuna mai te momo putea, te rauemi, te rahi me te rahinga e hiahiatia ana e koe. Kia taea ai e mātou te whakahua i te utu.
Te wā tuku: 22-Pepuere-2024
