Te Aratohu Whakamutunga mō te Kōwhiri i ngā Kaihanga Pēke Kawhe mō tō Waitohu Kawhe
Te whiriwhiri i te kaihanga putea kawhesHe mea nui kia āta whakaarohia te whiriwhiringa o ngā kaihanga pēke kawhe. Ehara i te mea ko te tirohanga a ō kaihoko ki te waitohu anake ka pā ki te kounga o te kawhe, engari ko te kounga anō hoki o te kawhe. Ina hoki, ka pā ki tō hua. He whakatau tino nui tēnei mō tētahi kamupene kawhe.
Kei roto i tēnei aratohu he huarahi ā-taahiraa. Mā mātou koe e āwhina ki te whakaaro ki ngā hoa mahi pea. Ka mōhio koe ki ngā āhuatanga ka taea te whakauru. Ka akona koe ki te whakahaere i te rapunga kia whai hua. He hononga pai ki ngā kaitākaro tika pērā iYPAKCPēke Kārika taea te huri i te kōrero katoa mō tō waitohu.
He nui atu i te putea: He aha te hiranga o tāu whiringa
Ehara i te mea he hokohoko noa iho te kaiwhakarato pēke kawhe, engari he whakatau hoko-me-te-hoko noa iho. Ka pā tēnei kōwhiringa ki ngā mea katoa o tō pakihi. He tino whai wāhi atu ki tō waitohu.
Ko tō kete kawhe te wāhi tuatahi e whakapā atu ai rātou, ā, ko te tirohanga tuatahi tēnei ki ō hua. He putea ātaahua, nō reira he whakaata pai te kounga i te kawhe o roto. He pakari te putea kounga mai i tētahi kaihanga pono.
Ka whakarongo te kaihanga tika ki ō hiahia, ka whakamahia e rātou he rauemi tiaki mō ō pīni kawhe. Kei reira ēnei hei whakarerekē i ngā mea o te taiao (te hau, te wai, te mārama). Pērā ai, ka hou ia kapu ka inu koe.
Ka tukuna atu e te kaiwhakarato pai ngā pēke ki a koe i ia wā, i ia wā. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te nui rawa, te iti rawa rānei o ngā taonga, ā, ka noho tonu tō pakihi ki te ahu whakamua i roto i te huarahi hauora. Ko te kete tika ko tō haumaru i roto i te tāra, me tō kaha ki te tono utu nui ake!
Te Mārama ki ō Kōwhiringa: He Aratohu ki ngā Momo Pēke
I te wā e tirotirohia ana ngā kamupene takai kawhe, ko tētahi o ngā mea nui ko ngā kaupapa matua. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo putea rerekē ka taea e koe te whakatau i te takai pai rawa atu mō ō pīni kawhe.
Ngā Kāhua Pēke Kawhe Noa
I a koe e rapu ana, ka kite koe i ngā momo kāhua matua e whā. He painga o ia momo.
Ngā Pēke Tū-ake:He tino pai ēnei mō ngā whata toa. He tū motuhake ēnei, he nui te wāhi o mua mō tō hoahoa, ā, he kitea hoki. He tino pai te hopu i te aro o ngā kaihoko pea. He tino rawe.ngā pēke kawheka hangaia mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga.
Ngā Pēke Papa Papatahi (Ngā Pēke Pouaka):He pouaka pūwero ēnei. E rima ngā wāhi hei tohu – (te mua, te muri, te raro, me ngā taha e rua). He tino pai hoki ngā tūnga pakari hei whakaatu me ngā kakara reka.
Ngā Pēke Gusset taha:Ko tētahi tēnei o ngā pēke kawhe momo taketake. E whakamahia ana mō te hokohoko me te pēke kawhe. Ka pupuhi ngā taha ina kī te pēke. Mā tēnei ka rite te āhua ki te pereki. He papatahi te āhua, ā, he tino ngāwari ki te tuku.
Ngā Pēke Urunga:He māmā noa iho ēnei putea, he iti te utu, ā, he māmā hoki. He mea hanga ēnei mai i ngā ngongo kiriata kua kati te tihi me te raro. He mea whakamahi noa ēnei e ngā wharekai, e ngā tari rānei hei tākai i ngā rahinga iti.
| Momo Pēke | Pai rawa atu mō | Painga Matua | Ngā Āhuatanga Noa |
| Pēke Tū-ake | Ngā Whata Hokohoko | He tirohanga whānui, he wāhi waitohu nui | Rēmepa, Takirere, Kōhao Haehae |
| Pēke Papatahi | Hokohoko Tino Pai | Tino pumau, e rima ngā panera ka taea te tā | Rēmepa, Takirere, Papa Papatahi |
| Pēke Gusset taha | Te nuinga me te hokohoko | Āhua tawhito, penapena wāhi | Here Tīni, Takirere, Hiri Waenga |
| Pēke Urunga | Ngā Kete Hauwhā | He iti te utu, he māmā te hoahoa | Hiri Whakamuri, Kāore e Katia Anō |
Ngā Āhuatanga Hira hei Whakaaroaro
Heoi anō, tera ētahi mea e hira ake ana i te āhua noa, engari he mea nui ki te kawhe.
• Ngā Takirere Whakakore Hau:He hua te kawhe nō te tukanga tunu, ā, ka tukuna te hau. Ka tukuna te hau e te takirere kotahi-ara, ā, ka pupuri tonu i te hau ki roto. Me whai i tēnei i te tīmatanga, ehara i te mea hei ārai i te haehae me te pahū o ngā putea, engari hei pupuri hoki i te hou o ngā pīni.
• Ngā Kōwhiringa Whakakapinga Anō:Koinei ngā āhuatanga e āhei ai te kaihoko ki te kati anō i te kete ina whakatuwheratia, pērā i ngā reti kirihou me ngā here tine. He mea whai hua tēnei whakatau takai nā te mea ka āwhina i te pupuri i te kawhe mō te wā roa. Ko ngā reti he hoahoa pēhi-ki-te-kati noa, he momo pute hou rānei.
• Ngā Rauemi me ngā Raina:He rite tonu ngā rauemi o te putea ki ngā pukupuku tinana. Ko te pepa kraft te mea e hoatu ana i te āhua oneone. Ko te pepa konumohe te ārai tino whai hua ki te hau me te mārama. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā momo whakaotinga rerekē: matte, kanapa rānei. Mā te titiro ki ngā momongā putea kawheāwhina i a koe ki te tūhura i te tini o ngā kōwhiringa rauemi.
Te Rārangi Kaihanga Kawhe: 10 Ngā Pātai mā ngā Kaihanga
Mā ngā pātai tika e pātaihia i a koe e kōrero ana ki ngā kaihanga pēke kawhe o te kokonga, ka ārahi koe i a koe ki tētahi huarahi. Whakamahia tēnei rārangi pātai hei whakatairite i ngā kaiwhakarato me te kimi i te mea tino pai mō tō pakihi.
1. He aha ngā moni iti rawa i tukuna mai e koe?Pātai atu mō ngā utu iti rawa mō ngā putea tānga ritenga. Mā tēnei koe e āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā ka taea e koe te utu ki te whakamahi i aua putea.
2. Kei a koe ngā tiwhikete haumaru kai?I te mea ka pā tika ngā putea ki te kai, me whakaatu e te kaihanga he haumaru ā rātou rauemi, me te whakaae a te FDA.
3. Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e hiahiatia ana hei whakaputa i aku putea?Pātai atu ki a rātou me pēhea te whakarite i te wā arahi mō ngā ota tuatahi me ngā ota anō. Kia taea ai e au te āwhina i a koe ki ō taonga.
4.He aha te momo tānga e whakamahia ana e koe?Pātai atu mēnā he tānga matihiko, he tā rotogravure rānei tā rātou. Mō ngā ota iti, he pai te matihiko. Mō ngā ota nui, he pai te rotogravure. Pātai atu mō ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga pea mō ō hiahia.
5.He aha te tukanga hei whiwhi whakaaetanga mō te hoahoa?Me whakaae koe ki tētahi hoahoa whakamutunga i mua i tā mātou tānga. Ā, kia mārama hoki rātou ki te āhua o tēnei mahi, kia kore ai e puta he hapa.
6.Ka taea e koe te whakarato i ngā tauira tūturu?He take nui tēnei. Me whāwhā koe i ngā rauemi, me whakamātau i te reti, me te kite i te kounga o te tānga ki ō kanohi ake. Kāore e ranea te pikitia i runga i te mata.
7.He aha ngā kōwhiringa kei a koe mō ngā rauemi matomato?He aha ngā mea hei hangarua, hei whakakōmipi rānei? Ā, he mea tino nui tēnei ki ngā kaihoko i ēnei rā.
8.Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te kounga?Me pēhea e taea ai e rātou te whakarite kia paerewa ia putea? He huarahi whai hua anō hoki te ahotea ki te hanga i te kaihanga pai.
9.Ka taea e koe te homai he whakamārama mō ō utu?Pātai atu mēnā he utu tāpiri pērā i te tānga pereti, te whakatūnga rānei. He mea nui kia mōhio koe ki te utu katoa.
10. Kei te mahi tahi koe me ngā kamupene rite te rahi ki aku?He mārama ake te kaihanga e mahi tahi ana me ēnei waitohu ki ō hiahia.
Te Mahere Tākai Ritenga: Mai i te Tīmatanga ki te Whakamutunga
Ahakoa he mahi uaua te tono i ngā takai ritenga. Engari mā ēnei mahi torutoru nei koe e ārahi, e kī atu hoki ki a koe he aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako. Mā te mahere nei ka māmā ake te mahi māu.
Hipanga 1: Kōrero Tuatahi me te Whakatau UtuKa tīmata koe mā te whakapā atu ki tētahi kaihanga me tō whakaaro. Kei roto i tēnei ko te momo putea, te rahi, ngā āhuatanga, me te rahinga. Kātahi ka hoatu he utu ki a koe i runga i ngā mōhiohio i hoatu e koe ki a rātou.
Hipanga 2: Toi me te TauiraKia whakaaetia te utu, ka tukuna atu e rātou he tauira ki a koe. E mōhiotia ana tēnei tauira ko te raina-ā-ringa. Ka tukuatuhia e tō kaihoahoa ō mahi toi ki runga i tēnei tauira. He maha ngā pakihi e whakarato anaNgā Otinga Tākai Kawhe Ritengatae atu ki te āwhina hoahoa.
Hipanga 3: Tauira Mamati me ngā Tauira Ā-tinanaI mua i te whakaae ki te tuku i ngā mano tini peke ki te hanga, me hainatia he tauira. Koinei tō peke whakamutunga, ahakoa matihiko, ahakoa tūturu. Tirohia ngā mea katoa: ngā tae, te tuhinga, te tuhi, te tūnga. Anei tō whai wāhi whakamutunga ki te kite i ngā hapa.
Hipanga 4: Te Whakarite i tō OtaKia whakaaetia te tauira, ka tīmata te hanga i tō ota. Ka tāia e te kaihanga te rauemi, ka hangaia he putea, ka tāpirihia he āhuatanga pēnei i ngā reti me ngā takirere. Ko te momo tānga ka whiriwhiria e koe mō tōtākai putea kawhe kua tāia ritengaka pā ki te kounga me te tere o tōna whakatinanatanga.
Hipanga 5: Tirotiro Kounga me te TukungaKa tirohia te kounga whakamutunga e te kaihoko i mua i te tuku. Kātahi ka kohikohia tō ota ka tukuna atu ki a koe.
Te Aranga Ake o te Tākai Kakariki
Kei te kite kē ahau i te tokomaha o ngā kaiinu kawhe e mātakitaki ana i ngā waitohu e pai ake ana mō te ao, e pai ake ana mō te moni whiwhi. Ka tukuna atu tō pouaka koha me te tirohanga ōrite.
I roto i tētahi rangahau i whakahaerehia i te tau 2021, neke atu i te 60% o ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki te hoko i ngā taonga ka nui ake te utu a ngā kaihanga mō ngā mea he takai matomato. He wā pai tēnei mō ngā waitohu kawhe ki te whai hua. I a koe e kōrero ana ki ngā kaihanga putea kawhe, kia mōhio koe ki ā rātou kōwhiringa e pai ana ki te taiao.
Kei raro nei ētahi whakamāramatanga hei āwhina i a koe:
• Ka taea te hangarua:Ka taea te tukatuka anō i te rauemi hei hua hou.
•Ka taea te whakapūkara:He hua ka memeha hei wāhanga taketake i roto i te whare whakawairā.
•Ngā Mea i Hangaruahia i Muri i te Kaihoko (PCR):I ahu mai tēnei rauemi i te awa para o ngā hapori, ehara i te mea nō ngā kaihanga.
He mea whakaaro nui te pātai ki tētahi kaiwhakarato mēnā ka taea e rātou te whakarato i tētahi ratonga whaimanaNgā pēke kawhe ka taea te whakawairakau me te hangaruakia tino pono ai ā rātou kereme.
Whakamutunga
Ehara i te mea he hoko noa iho te mīhini hanga pēke kawhe tika; he whanaungatanga anō hoki. He whakatau nui tēnei ka huri i te kēmu, ka huri, ka pakaru rānei tō waitohu. Ka pupuri i te kounga o tō kawhe, ā, ka huri hoki i te tirohanga a te tangata ki tō waitohu.
Ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi kawhe pai ake mā te mōhio ki ō kōwhiringa, mā te whakamahi i te rārangi arowhai hei tirotiro i ngā hoa mahi, me te whakarite mō te tukanga whakaputa. Ko te kete tika he kaihoko puku mō tō waitohu. Mā tēnei koe e tū motuhake ai i runga i ngā whata, ā, ka whakaratohia e ia te kawhe hou, kounga teitei e hiahiatia ana e ō kaihoko.
Ngā Pātai Noa
He rerekē te MOQ (pēke ritenga), he mea nui ki te tikanga tā. Ko te iti rawa o ngā pēke ka taea te iti iho i te 500 – 1,000 pēke me te tānga matihiko. Engari ki te tānga rotogravure, he maha ngā pereti tae e hangaia ana, he nui ake te rahinga iti rawa, ko te tikanga he 5,000 ki te 10,000 pēke mō ia hoahoa.
Kāore e taea e mātou te tuku utu pumau mō tētahi pēke kawhe ritenga nā te mea he maha ngā pūnaha e pā ana ki te utu: te rahi o te pēke kawhe, te momo rauemi o te pēke kawhe, ngā āhuatanga o te reti, ngā āhuatanga o te takirere, ā, ko te maha o ngā mea ka tonoa e koe! Ko te utu, hei tikanga whānui, ka taea te 25 hēneti ki te $1.50 mō ia pēke. Ko ngā ota nui ake ka iti ake te utu mō ia waeine.
Te Tauira Tuatahi, me tiki e koe he tauira mai i tētahi kaihanga o tāu i whiriwhiri ai. He kōwhiringa pai pea māu he kaihoahoa whakairoiro e mōhio ana ki ngā tākai. Ka taea e koe te kī atu ki tētahi huinga momo tohu Image Comics (me te tuhinga) e whakamahia ana e au, kāore e mōhio ki te mahi i roto i te CMYK, te hanga tohu i roto i te whakatakotoranga vector me te tāpiri i te "bleed" (he toi tāpiri kei tua atu i ngā taha, kia taea ai e te pūreretā te tapahi).
He painga, he ngoikoretanga hoki ia mea. Ko te tikanga, he tere ake te wā tuku me te ngāwari o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a ngā kaihanga o Amerika. Tērā pea he iti ake te utu a ngā kaihanga o tāwāhi mō ia waeine. Engari ka roa ake te tuku, ā, tera pea he arai reo. Ko te tahua, te wā me te nui o te utu e hiahia ana koe ki te hono atu ki a rātou te mea nui.
Ko te huarahi pai rawa atu hei whakaroa i te ora o te kawhe ko te whakamahi ngātahi i ngā mea e rua (he rauemi ārai teitei me te takirere tango hau kotahi-ara). Ko ngā putea kirihou he paparanga pepa konutea, me ētahi atu rauemi ārai teitei, ka ārai i te hau, te wai me te mārama. He kotahi te ahunga o te takirere, e tuku ana i te hau e tukuna ana e ngā pīni kia puta, me te ārai hoki i te hau kino kei uru.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-22-2025
