Ibikoresho bya PCR ni ibihe mu by'ukuri?
1. Ibikoresho bya PCR ni iki?
Ibikoresho bya PCR mu by'ukuri ni ubwoko bwa "pulasitiki ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki", izina ryuzuye ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki nyuma y'umuguzi, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki nyuma y'umuguzi.
Ibikoresho bya PCR "bifite agaciro gakomeye". Ubusanzwe, imyanda ya pulasitiki ikorwa nyuma yo gukwirakwizwa, gukoreshwa no gukoreshwa ishobora guhindurwamo ibikoresho by'ingenzi cyane mu nganda binyuze mu kongera gukoresha ibikoresho cyangwa gukoresha imiti, bigahindura umutungo no kongera gukoresha.
Urugero, ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa nka PET, PE, PP, na HDPE biva muri pulasitiki ikoreshwa mu dusanduku tw’amafunguro dusanzwe dukoreshwa, amacupa ya shampoo, amacupa y’amazi y’ubutare, utubati tw’imashini imesa, nibindi. Nyuma yo kongera gutunganywa, bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bishya byo gupakira.
Kubera ko ibikoresho bya PCR biva mu bikoresho byakoreshejwe nyuma yo kubikoresha, iyo bidatunganyijwe neza, nta kabuza bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije. Kubwibyo, PCR ni imwe muri plastiki zikoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa zisabwa n'ibigo bitandukanye.
2. Kuki plastiki za PCR zikunzwe cyane?
•(1)Plastike ya PCR ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zo kugabanya umwanda wa pulasitiki no kugira uruhare mu "kutagira karuboni ihagije".
Nyuma y’imbaraga zidashira z’abahanga mu bya shimi n’aba injeniyeri b’ibisekuru byinshi, plastiki ikorwa muri peteroli, amakara, na gaze karemano yabaye ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu buzima bw’abantu kubera uburemere bwayo bworoshye, kuramba kwayo, n’ubwiza bwayo. Ariko, ikoreshwa rya plastiki ryagutse ryanatumye habaho imyanda myinshi ya pulasitiki. Plasitike ikoreshwa nyuma yo kongera gukoreshwa (PCR) yabaye imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi zo kugabanya umwanda wa pulasitiki ku bidukikije no gufasha inganda zikora imiti gutera imbere mu "kutagira karuboni ibogama".
Udupira twa pulasitiki twongerewe gukoreshwa tuvangwa na resin ya virgin kugira ngo hakorwe ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bishya bya pulasitiki. Ubu buryo ntibugabanya gusa imyuka ya karuboni ihumanya ikirere, ahubwo bunagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
•(2)Koresha pulasitiki ya PCR kugira ngo urusheho guteza imbere kongera gukoresha imyanda ya pulasitiki
Uko amasosiyete akoresha pulasitiki za PCR ari menshi, niko abayakeneye baba benshi, ibyo bikazongera uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha pulasitiki kandi bigahindura buhoro buhoro icyerekezo n'imikorere y'ubucuruzi bwo kongera gukoresha pulasitiki, bivuze ko pulasitiki nke zizuzura, zigatwikwa kandi zikabikwa mu bidukikije.
• (3)Guteza imbere politiki
Umwanya wa politiki ku bikoresho bya PCR pulasitiki urafunguye.
Dufate urugero rw'i Burayi, ingamba za pulasitiki zo mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi hamwe n'amategeko agenga imisoro ya pulasitiki n'amapaki mu bihugu nk'Ubwongereza n'Ubudage. Urugero, Ikigo cy'Imisoro n'Amahoro cyo mu Bwongereza cyashyizeho "Umusoro ku Mapaki ya Plastike". Igipimo cy'umusoro ku mapaki afite munsi ya 30% bya pulasitiki yasubiwemo ni ibiro 200 kuri toni. Imisoro na politiki byafunguye umwanya wo gusaba pulasitiki za PCR.
3. Ni izihe nganda zikomeye zirimo kongera ishoramari ryazo mu bikoresho bya PCR pulasitiki vuba aha?
Kugeza ubu, inyinshi mu bicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bya PCR ku isoko biracyashingiye ku kongera gukoresha ibikoresho. Inganda nyinshi mpuzamahanga zikora imiti zirimo gukurikirana iterambere n'ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bya PCR byasubijwemo imiti. Bizeye ko ibikoresho byasubijwemo bigira umusaruro nk'uw'ibikoresho fatizo, kandi bikaba byagera ku "kugabanya karuboni".
•(1). BASF'Ibikoresho bya Ultramid byasubiwemo byabonye icyemezo cya UL
BASF yatangaje muri iki cyumweru ko polymer yayo ya Ultramid Ccycled recycled polymer yakorewe mu ruganda rwayo rwa Freeport, muri Texas, yahawe icyemezo gitangwa na Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Dukurikije UL 2809, polimeri za Ultramid Ccycled zisubirwamo zivuye muri pulasitiki zisubirwamo nyuma yo gukoreshwa (PCR) zishobora gukoresha sisitemu yo kuringaniza ibintu kugira ngo zihuze n'ibipimo by'ibikubiye mu bubiko. Ingano ya polimeri ifite imiterere imwe n'ibikoresho fatizo kandi ntisaba impinduka ku buryo gakondo bwo kubitunganya. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa nko gupakira amafirime, tapi n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu, kandi ni ubundi buryo burambye bwo gusimbura ibikoresho fatizo.
BASF irimo gukora ubushakashatsi ku mikorere mishya ya shimi kugira ngo ikomeze guhindura imyanda ya pulasitiki imwe n'imwe mo ibikoresho fatizo bishya kandi by'agaciro. Ubu buryo bugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere n'ibikoresho fatizo by'ibikomoka ku bimera mu gihe bukomeza kugira ireme n'imikorere myiza y'ibicuruzwa.
Randall Hulvey, Umuyobozi w’Ubucuruzi wa BASF muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru:
"Uburyo bushya bwa Ultramid Ccycled bufite imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera no kudahungabana kw'ubushyuhe nk'uko bisanzwe, kandi bizafasha abakiriya bacu kugera ku ntego zabo zo kubungabunga ibidukikije."
•(2). Mengniu: Shyiraho resin ya Dow PCR
Ku ya 11 Kamena, Dow na Mengniu batangaje ku bufatanye ko bashoboye gucuruza firime ishyushya ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ubushyuhe nyuma yo gukoreshwa.
Birumvikana ko ari ubwa mbere mu nganda z’ibiribwa zo mu gihugu Mengniu ihuza imbaraga zayo mu nganda zikora ibiribwa, ikanahuza n’abacuruza ibikoresho fatizo bya pulasitiki, abakora amapaki, abakora ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ibyuma n’ibindi bigo mu nganda kugira ngo bakore ibikorwa byo kongera gukoresha no kongera gukoresha amapaki ya pulasitiki, bashyiraho neza pulasitiki zasubiwemo nyuma yo gukoreshwa nk’ifirime yo gupfunyika ibicuruzwa.
Igice cyo hagati cya firime y’ubushyuhe ikoreshwa n’ibicuruzwa bya Mengniu gikomoka kuri formula ya Dow ya PCR resin. Iyi formula ikubiyemo 40% by’ibikoresho byasubiwemo nyuma yo gukoreshwa kandi ishobora gutuma ibikubiye mu bikoresho byasubiwemo mu miterere ya firime ya shrink muri rusange bigera kuri 13%-24%, bigatuma hakorwa firime zifite imikorere ingana na resin ya virgin. Muri icyo gihe, igabanya ingano y’imyanda ya pulasitiki mu bidukikije kandi ikubahiriza ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha paki.
•(3). Unilever: Ikoresha rPET kugira ngo ikore ibirungo byayo, iba UK'Ikirango cya mbere cy'ibiribwa bya PCR 100%
Muri Gicurasi, ikirango cya Unilever cyitwa Hellmann cyahinduye 100% kigakora PET (rPET) nyuma yo kuyikoresha, maze kiyishyira ahagaragara mu Bwongereza. Unilever yavuze ko iyi serivise yose iramutse isimbuwe na rPET, izakiza toni zigera ku 1.480 z'ibikoresho fatizo buri mwaka.
Kugeza ubu, hafi kimwe cya kabiri (40%) cy'ibicuruzwa bya Hellmann bisanzwe bikoresha ipulasitiki yasubiwemo kandi byageze ku isoko muri Gicurasi. Iyi sosiyete irateganya guhindura ikoresha ipulasitiki ishobora kongera gukoreshwa muri uru ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bitarenze impera za 2022.
Andre Burger, visi perezida ushinzwe ibiribwa muri Unilever UK na Irilande, yagize ati:"Hellmann wacu'Amacupa yo gusiga ibirungo ni yo masosiyete yacu ya mbere mu Bwongereza akoresha pulasitiki yasubiwemo 100% nyuma yo kuyikoresha, nubwo muri iki gihe habayeho imbogamizi, ariko uburambe buzadufasha kwihutisha ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki yasubiwemo muri Unilever.'izindi sosiyete z'ibiribwa."
PCR yabaye ikirango cyaUbukunguibikoresho byoroshye. Ibihugu byinshi by'i Burayi byakoresheje PCR mu gupfunyika ibiribwa kugira ngo bigenzure 100%Ubukunguinshuti.
Turi uruganda rwihariye mu gukora imifuka yo gupfunyikamo ikawa mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga 20. Twabaye rumwe mu nganda nini zikora imifuka ya kawa mu Bushinwa.
Dukoresha valve nziza cyane za WIPF zo mu Busuwisi kugira ngo ikawa yawe ikomeze kuba nshya.
Twakoze imifuka irinda ibidukikije, nk'imifuka ifumbire n'imifuka ishobora kongera gukoreshwa,n'ibikoresho biheruka bya PCR byashyizwe ahagaragara.
Ni amahitamo meza yo gusimbuza imifuka isanzwe ya pulasitiki.
Dufite kataloge yacu, twoherereze ubwoko bw'igikapu, ibikoresho, ingano n'ingano ukeneye. Kugira ngo tubashe kugutangaho ibiciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-22-2024
