Ukukhula kokuthunyelwa kwekofu kwamanye amazwe kukhuthaza imfuno yokupakisha ikofu
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yokupakisha ikofu kwihlabathi liphela ikhule kakhulu, ingakumbi eMelika naseAsia. Olu nyuko lunokubangelwa kukukhula okuqhubekayo kweVietnam.'ukuthunyelwa kwekofu kwamanye amazwe, okuye kwaba nefuthe elikhulu kwimarike yekofu yehlabathi. Njengoko iVietnam iqinisa isikhundla sayo njengenye yezona nkampani ziphambili zokuthumela ikofu kwamanye amazwe, imfuneko yezisombululo zokupakisha ikofu ezisebenzayo nezintsha ibonakala ngakumbi kunangaphambili.
Viyethnam'Ukunyuka kwekofu njengomdlali ophambili kurhwebo lwekofu lwehlabathi ngokuqinisekileyo kuyamangalisa. Imozulu entle yeli lizwe kunye nomhlaba otyebileyo kuyenza ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokulima ikofu, nto leyo ebangele ukwanda okukhulu kwemveliso yekofu. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthunyelwa kwekofu eVietnam kuye kwanda, iMelika neAsia zibe ziimarike eziphambili zekofu yaseVietnam.
Ngokwedatha evela kwiSebe lezokungenisa nokuThumela ngaphandle leSebe lezoShishino noRhwebo laseVietnam, njengoko imfuno yekofu ihlale iphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi lekofu yerobusta liqhubekile nokunyuka kakhulu ngoFebruwari.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthunyelwa kwekofu eVietnam ngoFebruwari lifikelele kwi-US$3,276/toni, ukunyuka kwe-7.4% xa kuthelekiswa noJanuwari kulo nyaka kunye nokunyuka kwe-50.6% xa kuthelekiswa noFebruwari kunyaka ophelileyo.
Kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zika-2024, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lekofu eVietnam laliphezulu njenge-US$3,153/ton, ukunyuka kwe-44.7% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.'UMphathiswa wezoLimo noPhuhliso lwamaPhandle uthe isizathu esiphambili sokunyuka kwamaxabiso ekofu yerobusta kumazwe angaphandle kukukhathazeka malunga nokunqongophala kobonelelo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngenxa yembalela, imveliso yekofu yaseVietnam kunyaka wesivuno ka-2023/2024 inokwehla nge-10% iye kwi-1.66 yezigidi zeetoni, elona nqanaba liphantsi kwiminyaka emine.
Kodwa idatha ikwabonisa ukuba kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zowama-2024, umthamo wekofu eVietnam ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe uqikelelwa ukuba ufikelela kwiitoni ezingama-438,000, kwaye ingeniso yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ifikelela kwi-US$1.38 yeebhiliyoni. Xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo ngo-2023, umthamo wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe unyuke nge-27.9%, kwaye ingeniso yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe inyuke nge-85%.
Ngokwedatha evela kwi-General Administration of Customs of Vietnam, ngoJanuwari, iVietnam ithumele ngaphandle iitoni ezingama-216,380 zekofu yeRobusta ezixabisa i-US$613.6 yezigidi, ukunyuka kwe-68% kunye ne-155.7% ngokulandelelanayo xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.
Iindawo eziphambili zokuthumela ikofu yeRobusta yaseVietnam ziquka i-Itali, iSpain, iRashiya, i-Indonesia, iBelgium, iTshayina kunye nePhilippines. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuthunyelwa kwekofu yerobusta kwamanye amazwe kuye kwehla, kuquka iJamani, iJapan kunye ne-United States.
NgoJanuwari, iVietnam ikwathumele iitoni ezingama-5,250 zekofu ye-Arabica, kunye nengeniso yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-US$20.15 yezigidi, ukwehla kwe-27.1% kunye ne-25.7% ngokulandelelanayo xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.
Iindawo eziphambili zokuthumela ikofu yaseVietnamese iArabica ziquka iMelika, iJapan, iIndonesia, iPhilippines kunye neRashiya.
Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokuthunyelwa kwekofu eVietnam akukhuthazi nje kuphela ukwanda kwemarike yekofu yehlabathi, kodwa kukwakhokelela ekwandeni okukhulu kwemfuno yokupakisha ikofu. Ukupakisha ikofu kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni umgangatho kunye nobutsha beembotyi zekofu ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa. Njengoko ukuthunyelwa kwekofu eVietnam kukhula, kukho imfuneko efanayo yezisombululo zokupakisha ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yeemveliso zekofu ezikumgangatho ophezulu eMelika naseAsia.
EMelika, ukunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwekofu kuqhuba imfuno yokupakisha ikofu, ingakumbi eMelika naseKhanada. Njengoko ikofu isasele isiselo esiphambili kwizigidi zabantu kulo mmandla, uyilo lokupakisha olutsha nolunomtsalane luye lwabaluleka kakhulu kwiimpawu zekofu ezifuna ukugqama kwimarike ekhuphisanayo. Ukongeza, umkhwa okhulayo wekofu ekhethekileyo neyeyodwa uye wandisa ngakumbi imfuneko yokupakisha okusemgangathweni okungakhuseli nje kuphela umgangatho wekofu kodwa kuphucula namava abathengi ngokubanzi.
Ngokufanayo, e-Asia, ukunyuka kokuthunyelwa kwekofu eVietnam kukhokelele ekwandeni okukhulu kwemfuno yokupakisha ikofu. Inkcubeko yekofu kumazwe afana neTshayina, iJapan kunye noMzantsi Korea iyaqhubeka nokukhula, kunye nabathengi abaninzi abenza ikofu ibe yinxalenye yobomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Olu tshintsho kwindlela abathengi abaziphethe ngayo lufuna izisombululo ezahlukeneyo nezinomtsalane zokupakisha ikofu ukuze zihlangabezane nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi base-Asia. Ukusuka ekupakisheni okuphathekayo okuphakelwa kanye ukuya kuyilo oluhle nolunobuchule lweemveliso zekofu zexabiso eliphezulu, imfuno yokupakisha ikofu e-Asia iya isanda ngokwahluka kwaye itshintshatshintsha.
Ukukhula kweVietnam'Ukuthunyelwa kwekofu kwamanye amazwe kukwakhuthaze ukugxininiswa okukhulu kwizisombululo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Njengoko abathengi besiya beyiqonda ngakumbi imeko yokusingqongileyo, kukho ukhetho olukhulayo lokupakisha okunokuphinda kusetyenziswe, okubolayo nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Oku kukhokelele ekugxileni ngakumbi kwishishini lekofu kwiindlela zokupakisha ezizinzileyo, kugxilwe ekunciphiseni inkunkuma kunye nokukhuthaza izixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ekupakisheni ikofu.
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezikhulayo zokupakisha ikofu, abavelisi kunye nababoneleli bebetyala imali kubuchwepheshe obuphambili kunye nezisombululo ezintsha zokupakisha ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezitshintshayo zemarike. Ukusuka kumatshini wokupakisha osemgangathweni ukuya kwizixhobo kunye noyilo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo, ishishini lokupakisha ikofu liye latshintsha ukuze lizivumelanise notshintsho oluqhubekayo lorhwebo lwekofu lwehlabathi.
Ukongeza, ukunyuka kwezorhwebo nge-e-commerce kube nefuthe elikhulu kwimfuno yokupakisha ikofu. Njengoko umkhwa wokuthenga ikofu kwi-intanethi uqhubeka ukhula, kukho isidingo esikhulayo sokupakisha esingagcini nje ngokukhusela ikofu ngexesha lokuthuthwa kodwa sikwaphucula amava omthengi okuvula iibhokisi. Oku kukhokelele ekugxileni ekudaleni ukupakisha okubonakalayo nokusebenzayo okunokumelana nobunzima bokuthunyelwa ngelixa kubonelela abathengi kwi-intanethi ngamava akhumbulekayo nanomtsalane okuvula iibhokisi.
Njengoko imfuno yokupakishwa kwekofu iqhubeka ikhula, kuyacaca ukuba ishishini lekofu lidlula kwixesha lotshintsho kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha. Ukwanda okukhulu eVietnam'Ukuthunyelwa kwekofu kwamanye amazwe kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili le mfuno, apho iMelika neAsia ziba ziindawo eziphambili apho impembelelo yeVietnam yachaphazeleka khona.'Urhwebo lwekofu lucacile kakhulu. Ngokugxila ekuzinzeni, ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabathengi, ishishini lokupakisha ikofu likulungele ukuguquka nokuqhelana notshintsho lwemarike yekofu yehlabathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abathandi bekofu kwihlabathi liphela banokuqhubeka nokonwabela ikofu abayithandayo ngeyona ndlela ilula kangangoko.Sizisombululo zokupakisha ezisebenzisekayo nezibukekayo.
Singumvelisi ogxile ekuveliseni iingxowa zokupakisha ikofu kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Siye saba ngomnye wabavelisi abakhulu beengxowa zekofu eTshayina.
Sisebenzisa iivalvu zeWIPF ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezivela eSwitzerland ukugcina ikofu yakho itsha.
Siye saphuhlisa iingxowa ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ezifana neengxowa ezinomgquba kunye neengxowa ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokutshintsha iingxowa zeplastiki zesiqhelo.
Sifake ikhathalogu yethu, nceda usithumelele uhlobo lwebhegi, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ubungakanani kunye nobungakanani obufunekayo. Ukuze sikunike iingcaphuno.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-15-2024
