Yintoni ebangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ekofu?
NgoNovemba ka-2024, amaxabiso ekofu ye-Arabica afikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu leminyaka eli-13. I-GCR iphonononga ukuba yintoni ebangele oku kunyuka kunye nempembelelo yokuguquguquka kwemarike yekofu kwiiroasters zehlabathi.
I-YPAK iguqulele yaza yalungisa eli nqaku, ngeenkcukacha ezilandelayo:
Ikofu ayizisi nje kuphela ulonwabo nokuhlaziya abantu abazizigidi ngezigidi abasela emhlabeni, ikwathatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwimarike yezemali yehlabathi. Ikofu eluhlaza yenye yezona mveliso zezolimo ezithengiswa rhoqo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye ixabiso lemarike yehlabathi liqikelelwa phakathi kwe-100 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kunye ne-200 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2023.
Nangona kunjalo, ikofu ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo kwicandelo lezemali kuphela. Ngokutsho kwe-Fairtrade Organisation, malunga ne-125 yezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela baxhomekeke kwikofu ukuze baphile, kwaye abantu abaqikelelwa kwi-600 yezigidi ukuya kwi-800 yezigidi babandakanyeka kulo lonke uthotho lweshishini ukususela ekutyaleni ukuya ekuseleni. Ngokutsho kwe-International Coffee Organisation (ICO), imveliso iyonke kunyaka wekofu ka-2022/2023 ifikelele kwiingxowa zekofu eziyi-168.2 yezigidi.
Ukunyuka okuqhubekekayo kwamaxabiso ekofu kunyaka ophelileyo kutsale ingqalelo yamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yempembelelo yoshishino kubomi nakuqoqosho lwabantu abaninzi. Abathengi bekofu kwihlabathi liphela bakhathazekile ngexabiso lekofu yabo yasekuseni, kwaye iingxelo zeendaba ziye zakhuthaza ingxoxo ngakumbi, zibonisa ukuba amaxabiso abathengi sele eza kunyuka.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaba indlela enyuka ngayo ngoku ayikaze ibonwe ngaphambili njengoko abanye abahlalutyi besitsho? I-GCR yabuza lo mbuzo kwi-ICO, iqumrhu loorhulumente elidibanisa oorhulumente abathumela kunye nabangenisa kunye nokukhuthaza ukwanda okuzinzileyo kweshishini lekofu lehlabathi kwindawo esekwe kwimarike.
Amaxabiso ayaqhubeka nokunyuka
"Ngokwesiqhelo, amaxabiso e-Arabica angoku aphezulu kakhulu kunangaphambili kwiminyaka engama-48 edlulileyo. Ukuze ubone amanani afanayo, kufuneka ubuyele kwiBlack Frost eBrazil ngeminyaka yoo-1970," utshilo uDock No, uMququzeleli weZibalo kwiSebe leZibalo le-International Coffee Organisation (ICO).
"Nangona kunjalo, la manani kufuneka ahlolwe ngokweenkcukacha. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, amaxabiso e-Arabica ayengaphantsi nje kwe-$2.40 ngepawundi, nto leyo ekwayeyona nqanaba liphezulu ukusukela ngo-2011."
Ukususela kunyaka wekofu ka-2023/2024 (oqala ngo-Okthobha ka-2023), amaxabiso e-Arabica ebesoloko enyuka ngokuthe ngcembe, afana nokukhula okwafunyanwa yimarike ngo-2020 emva kokuphela kokuvalwa kokuqala kwehlabathi. UDockNo uthe olu hlobo alunakubangelwa yinto enye, kodwa lubangelwe ziimpembelelo ezininzi kubonelelo kunye nothutho.
"Ukunikezelwa kwekofu yeArabica kwihlabathi liphela kuchatshazelwe ziziganeko ezininzi zemozulu embi kakhulu. Iqabaka elabakho eBrazil ngoJulayi 2021 libe nefuthe elibi, ngelixa iinyanga ezili-13 zemvula eColombia kunye neminyaka emihlanu yembalela e-Ethiopia nazo zichaphazele ukunikezelwa kwayo," utshilo.
Ezi ziganeko zemozulu embi azizange zichaphazele ixabiso lekofu ye-Arabica kuphela.
IVietnam, umvelisi omkhulu wekofu yeRobusta kwihlabathi liphela, ikwafumene uthotho lwesivuno esibi ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nemozulu. "Ixabiso lekofu yeRobusta likwachaphazeleka lutshintsho ekusetyenzisweni komhlaba eVietnam," utshilo uNo.
"Ingxelo esiyifumeneyo ibonisa ukuba ukulima ikofu akuthatyathelwa indawo yisityalo esinye kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno yaseTshayina ye-durian inyuke kakhulu kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, kwaye sibone abalimi abaninzi besusa imithi yekofu baze batyale i-durian endaweni yoko." Ekuqaleni kuka-2024, iinkampani ezininzi ezinkulu zokuthutha imithwalo zabhengeza ukuba azisayi kudlula kwiSuez Canal ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngabavukeli kuloo mmandla, nto leyo eyachaphazela nokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
Ukujikeleza ukusuka eAfrika kongeza malunga neeveki ezine kwiindlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokuthumela ikofu, kongeza iindleko zothutho ezongezelelweyo kwikhilogram nganye yekofu. Nangona iindlela zokuthumela ziyinto encinci, impembelelo yazo incinci. Xa le nto ithathelwe ingqalelo, ayinakubeka uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kumaxabiso.
Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwimimandla emikhulu ekhula kwihlabathi liphela luthetha ukuba imfuno idlule ukunikezelwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. Oku kukhokelele ekubeni ishishini lixhomekeke ngakumbi kwiimpahla eziqokelelweyo. Ekuqaleni konyaka wekofu ka-2022, saqala ukujongana nemiba emininzi yokunikezelwa. Ukususela ngoko, sibone iimpahla zekofu ziqala ukwehla. Umzekelo, eYurophu, iimpahla ziye zehla ukusuka kwiingxowa ezimalunga ne-14 yezigidi ukuya kwiingxowa ezisi-7 yezigidi.
Ngoku sijonge phambili (ngoSeptemba 2024) kwaye iVietnam ibonise wonke umntu ukuba akukho mpahla yasekhaya iseleyo. Ukuthunyelwa kwabo kwamanye amazwe kwehle kakhulu kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine ezidlulileyo kuba, ngokutsho kwabo, akukho mpahla yasekhaya iseleyo okwangoku kwaye basalinde ukuqala konyaka omtsha wekofu.
Wonke umntu unokubona ukuba izitokhwe sele ziphantsi kwaye iziganeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo zichaphazele unyaka wekofu oza kuqala ngo-Okthobha kwaye oku kuchaphazela amaxabiso njengoko kulindeleke ukuba imfuno idlule ukunikezelwa. I-YPAK ikholelwa ukuba le yeyona nto ibangela ukuba amaxabiso anyuswe.
Njengoko abantu abaninzi befuna ikofu ekhethekileyo kunye neembotyi zekofu ezinencasa ekumgangatho ophezulu, imakethi yekofu ephantsi iya kutshintshwa kancinci kancinci. Nokuba ziimbotyi zekofu, iteknoloji yokurosa ikofu, okanye ukupakishwa kwekofu, zonke ezi ziimpawu zomgangatho ophezulu wekofu ekhethekileyo.
Okwangoku, kubalulekile ukuba sigxininise ukuba kwenziwa umgudu ongakanani kwikomityi yekofu. Ngokwale mbono, nokuba ixabiso linyukile kutshanje, ikofu isabiza kancinci.
Singumvelisi ogxile ekuveliseni iingxowa zokupakisha ikofu kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Siye saba ngomnye wabavelisi abakhulu beengxowa zekofu eTshayina.
Sisebenzisa iivalvu zeWIPF ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezivela eSwitzerland ukugcina ikofu yakho itsha.
Siphuhlise iingxowa ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ezifana neengxowa ezinomgquba kunye neengxowa ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, kunye nezixhobo zePCR ezisandula ukuveliswa.
Zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokutshintsha iingxowa zeplastiki zesiqhelo.
Isihluzo sethu sekofu esithambileyo senziwe ngezinto zaseJapan, ezizezona zihluzo zibalaseleyo kwimarike.
Sifake ikhathalogu yethu, nceda usithumelele uhlobo lwebhegi, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ubungakanani kunye nobungakanani obufunekayo. Ukuze sikunike iingcaphuno.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-29-2024
